Jiao Kuan Jie Yao 教款捷要 [Muhimmāt al-Muslimīn: Essential Points of Islamic Doctrine and Practice]. Yunnan, 1894 (Guangxu 20). 2 volumes.

2 volumes, 98 leaves. 26.5 × 16 cm. Thread-bound in the original wrappers. Woodblock printed on Chinese bark paper. Upper wrappers with woodblock-printed titles in Chinese; title page in Chinese and Arabic; text mainly in Persian, with Arabic invocations, quotations, and a concluding editorial note. Revised and rearranged by Ma Lianyuan. Published with the financial support of Na Lianfang 納聯芳.

A rare late-Qing Yunnan edition of Muhimmāt al-Muslimīn, a Persian handbook of Hanafi belief, worship, and practical religious duties. Chinese Muslim students commonly encountered Muhimmāt al-Muslimīn early in their mosque-school education, before progressing to Arabic morphology, syntax, logic, jurisprudence, and theology. In the concluding Arabic postface, Ma Lianyuan notes that the work had long been valued by scholars, but that some discussions had become unnecessarily lengthy and parts of the arrangement were difficult to follow. He therefore shortened and reorganized the text, explaining that his changes were made simply to make the work easier and more useful.

Original wrappers with light wear, soiling, and minor losses; occasional Chinese annotations.